PRODUCTION OF THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT (PART II)

Actors-The people in Building Industry

Owner: Land and/or building
Key figures:

• initiates building projects, key of development process, catalyst, fuel & engine
• make decision at stages of development that control the final outcome

Types of Owner

• Public owner: The Federal Government (Kementerian Kerja Raya, JKR- the implements of government projects on site), State Government, District Councils, Local Authorities, Ministries
• Private owner: Major contributors of housing, tourisme etc...

Objectives of Owner:

• Time: To control & meet the development & construction time, early project completion is of high priority
• Cost: To ensure low cost but high quality development

Role of Owner:

• Decide on the best approach of development to reach the objectives of the organization
• Obtain a continuous & sufficient financial source to carry out & complete the development
• Ensure all the necessary planning & building approval are obtained from the local authorities before development works begin
• Monitor the overall development process to ensure quality product to capture positive & high market demand

Owner requires services from....

• Professionals: Designers & constructions eg. architects, planners, land surveyors, engineers & quantity surveyors for the planning, design & procurement works & to get necessary approvals from the local authorities
• Project managers responsible in organizing, managing & monitoring the development & construction process
• Contractors responsible for carrying out the building works

*So, start from now, we need to have close relationship with everyone from different major courses, at the same time knows each other as we might meet again and work together one day.

Designer

• Interior Designer, Architect, Landscape Architect, Urban Designer, Urban Planner

Objectives of Designer:

• To produce the built environment which is better than the existing
• The focus- physical design from micro to macro level

Consultant

• Provide specialized knowledge, skills & services to supplement those of the designers
• Structural & Civil Engineer (C & S)
• Mechanical & Electrical Engineer (M & E)
• Quantity Surveyor
• Land Surveyor

Government Agencies & Local Authorities

• Public Works Department (JKR), Ministry of Housing & Local Government, Councils of the Local Authorities, TM, TNB, JBA, JAS, Bomba

Objectives of Government Agencies & Local Authorities:

• To ensure & safeguard the public health, welfare & safety, structural & fire safety, local zoning & land use requirement
• To administer building codes that established minimum stantards for development & construction based on. eg. Uniform Building By-Laws (UBBL) 1984

Approvals are to be obtained from the local authorities before and after commencement of work at stages of the development process:

• Sub-Division Approval (Kelulusan Pecah Sempadan)
• Planning Approval
• Building Approval
• Start Work Permit
• Final Inspection
• Certificate of Fitness (CFO); Now (Since April 2007)- Certificate of completion & compiance (CCC)

Contractor

Main contractor

• Individual or organization who undertakes to carry out & complete the development or construction works according to the specifications documented in the tender & contract documents

Sub contractor + Nominated sub-contractor 'NSC' (mechanical, electrical, fire-fighting, sanitation works)

• Role: To undertake & provide labour for the general construction works specialized works

Personel & Site Workers: Site manager, clerk of work, skill workers, semi skill workers, construction workers

Manufacturer & Supplier

Producer of building materials

• Supplier of materials & plants, mechanical, electrical, air-conditioning etc

Financial Agencies

Role:

• Provide loans
• Provide insurance policies
• Provide consultants with error & omissions insurance

User-Owner and/or End Users

Objective: Owner (eg. University)

• Durability
• Easy & Low Maintenance Cost

Objective: End users (eg. Students)

• Comfort & safety
• Personalized space
• Privacy
• Territoriality

*From this lecture, i learnt that to produce a built environment, requires cooperation and large network from different experts such as architects, quantity surveyors, project managers and so on. I also learnt that every single action we do wil affect the others as the people in building industry in fact means ALL OF US from land owner to the end users... Besides that, building industy is so unique, massive and complex as it involves wide knowledge from different fields on the market.